English
norskBlar i forfatter "Bokhorst, Stef"
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Changing Arctic snow cover: A review of recent developments and assessment of future needs for observations, modelling, and impacts
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-17)Snow is a critically important and rapidly changing feature of the Arctic. However, snow-cover and snowpack conditions change through time pose challenges for measuring and prediction of snow. Plausible scenarios of how Arctic snow cover will respond to changing Arctic climate are important for impact assessments and adaptation strategies. Although much progress has been made in understanding ... -
Contrasting survival and physiological responses of sub-Arctic plant types to extreme winter warming and nitrogen
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-21)Evergreen plants are more vulnerable than grasses and birch to snow and temperature variability in the sub-Arctic. Most Arctic climate impact studies focus on single factors, such as summer warming, while ecosystems are exposed to changes in all seasons. Through a combination of field and laboratory manipulations, we compared physiological and growth responses of dominant sub-Arctic plant types to ... -
Global maps of soil temperature
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-29)Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic ... -
Impact of Multiple Ecological Stressors on a Sub-Arctic Ecosystem: No Interaction Between Extreme Winter Warming Events, Nitrogen Addition and Grazing
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-30)Climate change is one of many ongoing human-induced environmental changes, but few studies consider interactive effects between multiple anthropogenic disturbances. In coastal sub-arctic heathland, we quantified the impact of a factorial design simulating extreme winter warming (WW) events (7 days at 6–7∘C) combined with episodic summer nitrogen (+N) depositions (5 kg N ha-1) on plant winter physiology, ... -
A review of open top chamber (OTC) performance across the ITEX Network
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-19)Open top chambers (OTCs) were adopted as the recommended warming mechanism by the International Tundra Experiment (ITEX) network in the early 1990’s. Since then, OTCs have been deployed across the globe. Hundreds of papers have reported the impacts of OTCs on the abiotic environment and the biota. Here we review the impacts of the OTC on the physical environment, with comments on the appropriateness ... -
Sub-arctic mosses and lichens show idiosyncratic responses to combinations of winter heatwaves, freezing and nitrogen deposition
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023-02-25)Arctic ecosystems are increasingly exposed to extreme climatic events throughout the year, which can affect species performance. Cryptogams (bryophytes and lichens) provide important ecosystem services in polar ecosystems but may be physiologically affected or killed by extreme events. Through field and laboratory manipulations, we compared physiological responses of seven dominant sub-Arctic ... -
Winters are changing: snow effects on Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems
(Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-02-18)Snow is an important driver of ecosystem processes in cold biomes. Snow accumulation determines ground temperature, light conditions and moisture availability during winter. It also affects the growing season’s start and end, and plant access to moisture and nutrients. Here, we review the current knowledge of the snow cover’s role for vegetation, plant-animal interactions, permafrost conditions, ...
